Acupuncture not only cools hot flashes that occur as a result of breast cancer treatment but may offer a host of other benefits to boost women’s well-being.

A new study shows acupuncture was as good as drug therapy with Effexor (venlafaxine) at easing hot flashes in breast cancer patients, but it also improved sex drive, energy levels, and clarity of thought.

“Acupuncture offers patients a safe, effective and durable treatment option for hot flashes, something that affects the majority of breast cancer survivors. Compared to drug therapy, acupuncture actually has benefits, as opposed to more side effects,” researcher Eleanor Walker, MD, division director of breast services in the department of radiation oncology at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, says in a news release.

According to the National Cancer Institute, one in eight women will develop breast cancer in her lifetime. Typical treatment for breast cancer involves chemotherapy and five years of hormone therapy that often causes unpleasant side effects, such as hot flashes, night sweats, and decreased sex drive and energy levels.

Researchers say these side effects of breast cancer treatment significantly decrease a woman’s quality of life and may cause some women to discontinue treatment.

Acupuncture has already been shown to reduce hot flashes in menopausal women, but researchers say this is the first study to compare acupuncture to drug treatment in easing hot flashes in breast cancer patients. The results appear in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

Fifty breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to receive either acupuncture or drug treatment for 12 weeks. The acupuncture group received acupuncture treatments twice per week for the first four weeks and then once a week for the remaining eight weeks; the drug group received 37.5 milligrams of Effexor each night for the first week and then 75 milligrams per night for the remaining 11 weeks.

All participants stopped their treatment after 12 weeks and kept a diary to record the number and severity of hot flashes; they were surveyed about their overall physical and mental health for one year.

Both groups experienced a 50% decline in hot flashes and symptoms of depression, but the acupuncture treatment appeared to have more lasting effects with fewer side effects.

For example, two weeks after the treatments stopped, the drug therapy group experienced an increase in hot flashes; the acupuncture group did not experience any increase in the frequency of their hot flashes until three months after treatment.

In addition, the Effexor group reported 18 instances of negative side effects, including nausea, dry mouth, dizziness, and anxiety, compared with no adverse side effects reported among the acupuncture group.

Most breast cancer patients treated with acupuncture also reported an improvement in their energy, clarity of thought, and sense of well-being. About 25% of women in the acupuncture group also reported an increase in their sex drive.

Women who took a commonly used class of osteoporosis drugs called bisphosphonates had significantly fewer invasive breast cancers than women not using the bone-strengthening pills, according to a new analysis of data from the Women’s Health Initiative.

The analysis from a segment of the more than 150,000 generally healthy post-menopausal women in the WHI study found that those taking Merck & Co’s Fosamax, or other bisphosphonates, had 32 percent fewer cases of invasive breast cancer than women who did not use the osteoporosis medicines, researchers found.

Fosamax is now available in generic form as alendronate. Other commonly used medicines from the class include Roche’s Boniva and Actonel, which is sold by Procter & Gamble Co.

“The idea that bisphosphonates could reduce breast cancer incidence is very exciting because there are about 30 million prescriptions for these agents written annually in the United States targeting bone health, and more could easily be used to counteract both osteoporosis and breast cancer,” Dr. Rowan Chlebowski, the study’s lead investigator and chief oncologist from the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, said in a statement.

It was the landmark WHI research program that in 2002 found a link between long-term use of hormone replacement therapy by post-menopausal women and increased risk of breast cancer and heart attacks – findings that have been used as the basis for thousands of lawsuits against the makers of those drugs.

The latest findings from the observational study were presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium on Thursday.

The impetus for looking at the connection between bisphosphonates and breast cancer came from data from a clinical trial in which breast cancer patients who were given Novartis’ bisphosphonate Zometa intravenously every six months had fewer contralateral breast cancers, Chlebowski explained.

“It appeared to make bone less hospitable to breast cancer,” Chlebowski said.

Contralateral breast cancer is typically a second new case of cancer in the other breast, rather than the spread of the originally detected breast cancer. Studying 2,816 participants who were using bisphosphonates when they entered the WHI program, researchers found that only 64 women developed breast cancer. That translates into 32 percent fewer breast cancers in women using bisphosphonates compared with women who did not use them, researchers said.

Researchers cautioned that this was an observational study that does not necessarily carry the same scientific weight as a blinded clinical trial.

However, they said, several ongoing breast cancer trials evaluating oral and intravenous bisphosphonates will be available in the near future to provide randomized clinical trial evidence regarding their influence on new contralateral breast cancer risk.

“This is not a definitive finding,” Chlebowski said in an interview. “But I think it could influence the decision making of women who are deciding whether to take a bisphosphonate or not.”

Cancer or the ‘Big C’, as it is fearfully referred to, is no longer considered a death sentence. The number of individuals who have survived cancer has considerably increased over the years. Certain adult cancers have a survival rate of 70% or more, while a few childhood cancers may boast of a greater cure rate.

Surviving cancer requires a great deal of strength, endurance and courage. While cancer can change lives for ever, it can also be viewed as an experience that may help an individual to grow in different ways. Appreciation of self and others is at the centre of this change and,in this context, cancer survivors learn to acknowledge their bodies and their health in a better way. It will be important for them to appreciate the new lease of life and to take better care of themselves, in all ways possible.

Most often treatments like radiation, chemotherapy and surgery are required to bring cancer under control; nevertheless, the root cause is never addressed. Besides, these treatments exhaust the patients and mar their quality of life. This is where naturopathy can help to bring relief from the ‘body–racking’ side effects and to restore the individual’s overall health.

Naturopathy is a complimentary branch of medicine that makes use of natural and safe therapies. It upholds detoxification as the first step towards recovery from cancer. Naturopathy recommends 5 natural steps, which are dealt with in the following sessions.

Stage 1 – Toxic Lifestyle

If fully / highly toxic, you need to get de- numbed,as toxicity often leaves people numb towards their reactions to the world.

• If you are smoking, work on stopping that habit.
• Avoid excessive alcohol /coffee consumption. These overload your liver
• Ensure enough sleep everyday
• Exercise regularly

Stage 2 – Healthy Eating

More attention must be paid to what you eat.

• Go for a fruit/ vegetable- rich diet. By adding more vegetables and fruits, you are giving your body fiber for detoxification and necessary nutrients for both detoxification and healing.
• Water is the medium that transports toxins out of the body and nutrients into the elimination organs.
• Most meat are full of antibiotics, hormones and pesticides, due to the manner in which they are bred and grown. Besides, the meat also contains stress chemicals secreted by the animals while being slaughtered.
• Allergens place the body in a constant fighting state; by definition, allergens are foreign substances that the body rejects. When your body constantly wastes energy fighting allergens, its energy stores will be depleted when time to heal or detoxify arrives.
• Avoid alcohol, coffee and regular tea; these will only help to over-load your liver (the major elimination organ).
• Avoid condiments sauces, mustard, ketchup, Worcester sauce, MSG, steak, BBQ, chili shrimp and soy sauce, pickled vegetables, relishes, salad dressings (unless homemade).

These will affect the liver and the kidneys, therefore slowly shutting down all your elimination apparatus.

Stage 3 – Organ Repair

This stage involves repair done to the 2 major detoxification organs which are affected by the medical procedures involved in treating cancer.

The liver, besides many other functions, is responsible for breaking down medications (anesthetics, chemotherapeutic, drugs, radiation effects, etc.). Once the liver gets clogged, it cannot continue detoxifying the body of all the remaining toxins.

The best way to balance and rejuvenate the liver is through 2 phases:

• By draining or cleaning up its toxins
• By strengthening and boosting its powers through Supportive Therapy.

The body’s ability to protect itself from toxic substances and the body’s ability to heal are both dependent on the integrity of the intestinal lining. Allopathic treatments often lead to intestinal damage, like increased intestinal permeability, thereby allowing increased absorption of pathogens, allergens and toxins. This process results in putting more stress on the immune system, decreasing its ability to focus on healing.

The intestinal damage is corrected in 2 stages:

• Eliminate/ clean up all pathogens (yeast, pesticides, pathogenic bacteria, etc.) and also all the damage caused by allopathic treatments.
• Restore the normal, friendly bowel flora

Once these stages are completed, you need to re- evaluate your medications for symptoms such as pain or depression.

Are they all necessary?

Remember: Drugs are chemicals that need to be metabolized by the liver; they cause side effects because the end products of their metabolism are toxins.

One example of over -prescribed medications are antibiotics.

Considering that most infections are viral, antibiotics are none other than toxins!, There are many natural alternatives(homeopathics, herbs, nutritional supplements), that work by addressing the cause of your problem.

Eliminating Toxins -Stage 4.

This stage of your natural recovery involves preparation of emunctories (=elimination organs). Before pouring toxins out of the cells into the blood, the patient must “open the gates “; so the toxins will leave the body completely.

If the toxins continue being circulated in the blood, they cause degeneration, or get deposited in fat tissues.

Restoring Detox Organs- Stage 5

Restoring the liver and the intestine may be done by re directing toxin elimination through the skin rather than through the usual route

In this stage, it must be ensured that the elimination organs are strong enough to handle all toxicity and that they continue keeping up with the body’s demands.

The best way to support the major detoxification organs is:

• By giving them a rest. This can be done by re- directing toxin elimination through the skin rather than the usual route.
• Saunas, sweat inducing exercises (aerobic) and niacin therapyare some methods by which this can be achieved.
• Another way of “resting” your digestive elimination organs is by mimicking a fast. Digestive enzymes will help you digest without the digestive organs actually working very hard.
• By using supportive supplementation – including fibre, vitamin C , chlorophyll, other anti-oxidants and different herbs such as garlic, red clover, cayenne.

Detoxification is your first step towards cancer recovery. As a cancer survivor, remember you are a winner already! Keep going and enjoy life!

The fabulous five are research superstars

The British journal Acta Pharmacalagia Sinica, reports a study by the Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group at the University of Leicester in the UK. Researchers noted that intake of these phytochemical compounds is typically studied in artificial (in vitro) environments using high-dose single treatments. However, in humans (in vivo) the exposure to the compounds is persistent low-doses. They designed their study to reflect human exposure by investigating anti-tumor activity of these five phytochemicals in breast cancer cells exposed in long-term culture to typical low doses.

They found that curcumin, EGCG and I3C inhibited clonogenic growth by 55% to 60% and induced 1.5- to 2-fold higher levels of the basal caspase-3/7 activity. No changes in expression of cell cycle-related proteins or survivin were found; however, I3C reduced epidermal growth factor receptor expression, contributing to apoptosis (appropriate programmed cell death). Because some phytochemicals are shown to inhibit DNA histone modification, modulation of expression by the agents in a set of genes was compared with changes induced by inhibitors of DNA methylation or histone deacetylation. The phytochemicals modified protein and/or RNA expression of these genes, with EGCG eliciting the least and DIM the most changes in gene expression. DIM and curcumin decreased activator levels correlated with increased cell motility. Curcumin, DIM, EGCG, and genistein reduced cell sensitivity to radiation-induced DNA damage without affecting DNA repair.

The researchers concluded that this model has revealed that apoptosis and not arrest is likely to be responsible for growth inhibition. It also implicated new molecular targets and activities of the phytochemicals under conditions relevant to human exposure.

What are these compounds?

Each of these compounds is a phytochemical component of a superfood that has been found to confer great overall health benefits to those who consume it.

DIM and I3C

Diindolylmethane (DIM) and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) are components of cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage, kale, cauliflower, radish, collard greens, Chinese cabbage, Brussel sprouts, kohlrabi, bok choy, turnip greens, rutabaga, arugula, water cress, rapeseeds and mustard seeds.

DIM has been documented as effective against cancer through several actions. It stops tumors from establishing their own blood supply necessary for their continuation of growth. It reduces cancer cell viability and causes cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. DIM down regulates both the ligand and the receptor in breast cancer cells as well as in ovarian cancer cells at the transcriptional level and in an estrogen-independent manner. The potential for chemotaxis and invasion is inhibited by DIM, thereby lowering the invasive and metastatic potential of cancer cells. DIM us able to act independently of Her-2 or estrogen receptor status. It has been shown to be a preventative and/or therapeutic agent in prostate cancer, and is able to induce the release of pro-inflammatory mediators in macrophages.

DIM is nature’s hormone modulator. The metabolism and growth promoting activity of estrogen is modified by the intake of milligram amounts of dietary indoles from cruciferous vegetables. DIM is formed from its precursor indole, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), after the enzymatic release of I3C from parent glucosinolates found in these vegetables. DIM is unique among the phytonutrients with regard to its ability to favorably modify estrogen metabolism in the direction of greater 2-hydroxy estrogen production. Improper metabolism of estrogen allows damage to DNA and cancer promotion to take place.

Societies with low consumption of cruciferous vegetables have a high prevalence of estrogen related diseases, particularly breast and prostate cancers. Supplementing with DIM can restore and maintain a favorable estrogen metabolism and greatly lessen the risk for breast and other cancers. Addition of a DIM supplement ensures the hormones used in bioidentical hormone replacement are metabolized down the proper metabolic pathways. DIM has no estrogenic activity. It balances the natural response to estrogen. In dividing cells the growth promoting signal from estrogen is limited by the reduction of the activity level of the estrogen receptor system.

Supplements of I3C are available, but the compound is unstable in the body. I3C is a precursor indole, with little action in the body until it is converted to DIM by stomach acid.

DIM is the better choice for pre and post menopausal women and men interested in supplementing rather that getting these compounds directly from food. Although obtaining nutrients from food is always preferred, the amount of cruciferous vegetables needed to provide the benefits of DIM frequently make supplementation a better choice. Although there are several DIM products available, BioResponse DIM complex, a patented from of DIM offers enhanced bioavailability. DIM-Plus, the version of DIM made by Nature’s Way, contains BioResponse DIM and is an economical choice, offered online at Vitacost.

ECGC

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (ECGC) is a particular type of polyphenol found in green tea, a substance shown to be a cure and preventative for many of the ills of mankind. In addition to being a powerful agent in the prevention and cure of cancer, it is an antioxidant, promoter of glucose tolerance, protector of the liver and detoxification system, and benefactor of the cardiovascular system.

Recent research has documented a 54% reduction in risk of ovarian cancer in women who reported drinking green tea. Another study found green tea to have therapeutic cancer effects through induction of apoptosis in colorectal cancer. It is also one of the few effective treatments for pancreatic cancer. As a preventative for all cancers, ECGC is able to penetrate the body’s cells and shield DNA from the potent free radical hydrogen peroxide.

Green tea also lowers cholesterol levels, and reduces the clotting tendency of blood. It shows promise as a weight-loss aid that can promote the burning of fat and the regulation of insulin levels and blood sugar.

There are many green tea supplements on the market. Some of these contain the whole plant, while others contain extracts. Whole plant supplements are usually preferable because they are backed by the integrity of the whole plant. Many green tea extract supplements are standardized to provide a quantified amount of ECGC.

Curcumin

Curcumin is the active ingredient in the bright yellow spice turmeric. It is one of nature’s most powerful healers, having revealed its wonders over centuries. Numerous studies have shown curcumin to be as potent against inflammation as hydrocortisone, phenylbutazone, and over the counter NSAID drugs like Motrin, without the side effects. Its powerful antioxidant effects make it a popular natural therapeutic agent for diseases such as arthritis, where free radicals cause joint inflammation and damage. Studies have linked frequent use of turmeric to lower rates of breast, prostate, lung and colon cancer. It can prevent tumors from forming, and can slow the progression of cancer that is already present. Recent studies have documented that curcumin can slow the spread of breast cancer cells to the lungs. Turmeric acts as a transcription factor, a master switch for gene regulation. When genes are switched off, the growth and invasion of cancer cells is halted.

Curcumin is even being used effectively to treat Alzheimer’s disease due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Alzheimer’s disease is thought to occur when a fragmented protein accumulates in brain cells producing oxidative stress and inflammation, and forming plaque between nerve cells in the brain that disrupt function. Turmeric may prevent the oxidation of cholesterol in the body, thereby preventing damage to blood vessels and causing build up of plaque that can result in heart attack or stroke.

Dried turmeric is widely available. Organically grown turmeric is preferable. Frequently spicing your cooking with turmeric is one option for consuming curcumin. It can be easily mixed with rice, egg salad or into the cottage cheese flax oil mixture that is the basis of the Budwig diet. Turmeric capsules are available. Nature’s Way makes a turmeric capsule that is free of magnesium stearate, but it’s not organic. Organic turmeric can be found in the spice department of health food stores such as Whole Foods, or ordered online in powered or capsule forms. Most naturopaths suggest starting with a dose three times the normal dosage suggested in order to quickly bring inflammation under control. Then proceed with the standard dose to maintain.

Genistein

Genistein is an isoflavone found primarily in soybeans and traditional foods produced from soybeans like tofu and miso. In addition to being an antioxidant, genistein is a phytoestrogen, a plant compound that mimics the actions of estrogen and interacts with estrogen receptor in the human body.

Genistein removes damaging free radicals and reduces lipid peroxidation. By preventing the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, genistein helps reduce the risk for arteriosclerosis, and prevents the formation of heart attacks and strokes by acting as an anti-clotting agent. It increases the activity of other antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase. It can also influence the growth of cells that are not hormone-dependent. Genistein inhibits the rate of cell growth through its ability to inhibit tyrosine kinase.

Studies have shown that genistein reduces the risk for the hormone related cancers, breast and prostate, by binding with estrogen receptors, preventing estrogen from binding. Consumption of traditional soybean products in China and Japan is linked with low incidence of these cancers. And since genistein imitates estrogen, it may be protective against osteoporosis. It is frequently used to ease menopause symptoms such as hot flashes.

Before genistein can act, it must be released from its precursor. This normally happens in the stomach and intestine through hydrolysis. Some genistein supplements contain genistein that has been hydrolysed in processing.

Two Chinese dietary staples – mushrooms and green tea – may have the power to ward off breast cancer, mounting evidence suggests. A study of over 2,000 Chinese women in the International Journal of Cancer found large quantities of both in the diet slashed cancer risk by up to 90%.

Research suggests chemicals in the foods block tumour growth and boost the body’s natural defences against cancer. But experts say it is unclear whether the benefits will apply to all women. It is known that the rate of breast cancer in China is four- to five-times lower than rates typically seen in developed countries, although this is changing as women are adopting Western diets rich in meat and dairy – and piling on the pounds.

Powerful extracts

Researchers have been hunting for what the Chinese secret might be. Extracts of the mushroom Phellinus linteus have been used for centuries in Easter Ancient medicine where it is believed to refresh bodies and extend life. And scientists in California have been doing a trial to see if taking a mushroom extract twice a day for a month helps breast cancer survivors remain free of the disease after work showed the extract could halt the growth of breast cancer cells.

The new study of Chinese women, by a team at the University of Western Australia in Perth, found that women who ate at least 10g – around a third of an ounce – of fresh mushrooms daily were 64% less likely to develop breast cancer.  Dried mushrooms had a slightly less protective effect, reducing the risk by around half. And women who combined a mushroom diet with regular consumption of green tea saw an even greater benefit.

The risk among women in this group was reduced by almost 90%. Green tea contains antioxidant compounds called polyphenols that have been shown to fight breast tumours in animals. Black tea, although made from the same plant called Camellia sinesis, is not believed to have the same properties because the leaves are processed differently. Black tea leaves go through a fermentation process that strips the plant of its natural polyphenol compounds.

No ’super food’

Researcher Min Zhang and colleagues stressed that their study does not prove cause-and-effect. Although they did account for other known risk factors for breast cancer, such as the women’s weight, education level, and exercise frequency and smoking habits, there could be other factors that explain the findings.

Dr Julie Sharp of Cancer Research UK said: “Both green tea and mushrooms have previously been reported to lower cancer risk and while this study adds to the evidence, more research is needed to confirm these observations and find out if they are relevant to UK women.

“It is important to remember there is no one particular ’super’ food that will protect you from cancer.

“Large scientific studies have proven that the best way to reduce your risk of many cancers is to eat a healthy balanced diet.” Dr Sarah Cant of Breakthrough Breast Cancer said: “Breast cancer incidence rates do vary in different countries and China has lower rates than the UK.

“However, this is likely to be due to cultural and lifestyle differences such as having children earlier or exercising more for example, and is unlikely to be solely due to diet.

“We still aren’t sure which individual food types influence the chance of developing this disease.”

The results from the Phase I clinical study, a collaborative research project between M. D. Anderson and Fudan University Cancer Hospital in Shanghai, are reported in the online Early View feature of the journal Cancer. The study marks the first time a formal clinical trial has examined the relationship between huachansu dose and toxicity, although the drug is common in China and approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration.

Huachansu is widely used to treat patients with liver, lung, colon and pancreatic cancer at oncology clinics in China. Chinese clinical trials conducted since the 1970s have demonstrated the anti-cancer properties of huachansu, citing total response rates of 10% and 16% observed in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer.

“Studying traditional Chinese medicine such as huachansu is new to American research institutions, which have been skeptical and slow to adopt these complementary treatments. However, it is important to understand its potential role in treating cancer,” says Lorenzo Cohen, Ph.D., one of the paper’s authors and director of the Integrative Medicine Program at M. D. Anderson. “We wanted to apply a Western medicine-based approach to explore the role of the toad venom compound in cancer patients and test if it is possible to deliver a more potent dose without raising toxicities or side effects.”

The clinical trial was conducted at the Fudan University Cancer Hospital while M. D. Anderson provided training and ongoing consultation. The institutions collaboratively designed the trial that was approved by both institutional review boards. M. D. Anderson and Fudan University Cancer Hospital signed a sister institution agreement in 2003, creating a framework for research, educational and clinical collaboration.

The typical dose of huachansu used in China is approximately 15 milliliters of drug per meter squared of body mass (mL/m2). In the study, 15 patients with stage III or IV hepatocellular (liver) carcinoma, nonsmall cell lung cancer or pancreatic cancer received one of five dose levels ranging from 10 mL/m2 up to 90 mL/m2 from January 2005 through July 2006. The treatment was repeated daily for 14 days followed by seven days off (one cycle). After two cycles, most patients received other treatments. Quality control methods were put in place to ensure huachansu of a uniform and consistent lot.

While the dose was up to eight times higher than conventional doses used in China, researchers observed only low toxicities or side effects. Eleven (73%) patients had no toxicities greater than the lowest grade measured. Importantly, no significant cardiac toxicity was observed and no significant changes in cancer-related symptoms occurred. Of the 15 patients who completed the treatment, six hepatocellular carcinoma patients (40%) had stable disease for a median of six months. One patient had a 20% reduction in tumor mass that lasted for more than 11 months.

“Even though we saw no complete or partial response (reduction of disease by 30% or more) it is encouraging that the cancer did not progress in a large set of the hepatocellular carcinoma patients,” says Zhiqiang Meng, principal investigator on the trial and an associate professor and deputy chair of the Department of Integrative Oncology at Fudan University Cancer Hospital, “Previous observations from studies conducted in China have shown that huachansu can inhibit tumor cell growth and improve immunologic function3. These findings, coupled with that knowledge, demonstrate the need for further clinical trials of this promising agent.”

A Phase II clinical trial comparing the effects of huachansu combined with gemcitabine (Gemzar®) to gemcitabine and placebo for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is under way at the Fudan University Cancer Hospital in collaboration with M. D. Anderson. Both trials are part of the International Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Cancer funded by the National Cancer Institute. Anhui Jinchan Biochemistry Company, Ltd., provided the drug for this trial.